Fast Facts: Everything You Need to Know About Oregon Dog Bite Laws

According to the most current statistics in the United States, over 4.5 million people are bitten by dogs annually, with 800,000 or more receiving medical attention. In some cases, a dog bite can result in a personal injury claim, in which the dog’s owner must provide financial compensation for hospital bills, medical treatment, or emotional damages. 

Most states have specific laws and local ordinances outlining when a dog owner is liable for a dog bite. These laws, known as “dog bite laws,” vary slightly from state to state. 

If you live in Oregon and have suffered a dog bite, you might be looking for a personal injury lawyer familiar with Oregon dog bite law. The attorneys at Warren Allen LLP specialize in a range of personal injury cases, including dog bite claims, across the Pacific Northwest. Before you call them to schedule your consultation, read through the comprehensive summary below to learn more about Oregon’s dog bite laws and your legal rights regarding those laws.

Who is Legally Responsible?

First, it’s essential to understand who is legally responsible for the dog’s actions. An “owner” usually owns the dog as property or is the regular custodian caring for it. However, the term can also extend to someone who knowingly allows the animal to stay on or near their premises. 

An exception to this rule, veterinarians and those who run kennels or boarding facilities might have temporary custody of the dog but are not considered “owners” since their care is usually less than 30 days at a time.

When to Report a Dog Bite

Any time that a dog bite breaks the skin, you suspect the dog might have rabies, or you know the dog has been in close contact with a rabid animal (or an animal suspected of having rabies), you must report the incident to the local health authority. 

Statute of Limitations

Although you do not need to take legal action against the dog owner immediately, you have a limited time to file a personal injury claim in court. Oregon does not have a specific statute of limitations on filing dog bite civil lawsuits, but these cases fall under the “personal injury.” Oregon’s statute of limitations for personal injury lawsuits is two years from the date of the initial encounter, so you must file your case within two years of a dog bite. 

Even if you do not initially plan on pursuing legal action after a dog bite injury, taking detailed notes about what occurred is always a good idea. Get the dog owner’s information, including name and contact information, proof of the dog’s rabies vaccination status, and the dog’s veterinarian’s contact information. Take pictures of your injury as soon as possible and continue taking pictures throughout the various healing stages. Keep all written notes, records, and photographic evidence of anything related to your injury in a file together.

What Financial Compensation Might Be Covered?

In general, when you file a personal injury claim, you might be eligible to receive financial compensation to cover medical bills, loss of income, and pain and suffering. To support your claim, collect as much evidence as you can. 

• If you receive medical care, ask for copies of doctor’s notes, pictures, prescriptions, and anything related to your care and recovery from the bite. 
• If you need to take time off work due to your injury, this time could be considered a loss of income, so be sure to document it.
• If you cannot perform specific domestic duties (e.g., cooking, driving, childcare, etc.) because of your injuries and need to hire outside help, retain all receipts, invoices, and communication with the service provider. 

Around half of dog bite victims are children who might be more prone to the after-effects of fear and anxiety from a traumatic dog encounter and injury. It’s important to remember that personal injury cases are not limited to physical damages, so if you or your child suffer mental or emotional anguish in the wake of a dog bite and seek professional mental health care or counseling services, keep detailed records of this medical treatment as well.

Strict Liability vs One-Bite 

Washington State is known as a strict liability state (rather than a “one-bite state”) regarding dog bite laws. Strict liability laws hold the dog owner responsible for any bite occurring on public property (unless the victim provoked the dog or assaulted the dog owner) or private property (unless the victim was trespassing). 

Even if the dog has never displayed aggression or bitten anyone, the dog owner will still be held liable and might be responsible for providing financial compensation to the victim. In contrast, a one-bite state does not allow liability to be applied until a history of aggression is established. Oregon is a mixed-liability state. Per Westberry v. Blackwell, an Oregon dog owner is liable for a dog bite injury if they knew or should have known the dog’s dangerous behavior.

Additional Local Ordinances

Certain Oregon cities or counties might have other dog ownership regulations that could affect your personal injury case. For instance, in some counties and all Oregon state parks, dog owners must always keep their dogs on leash in public unless in a designated off-leash area. 

Other laws apply to dogs legally designated as “dangerous” after previously showing aggression or having bitten someone. Owners of dangerous dogs often must meet specific additional requirements, such as confining the dog securely or keeping it muzzled in public.

Get an Expert Opinion on Your Dog Bite Case

Talking to an attorney familiar with Oregon dog bite law is essential if you’re wondering whether you’re eligible for financial compensation due to a dog bite injury. Laws are subject to change, and you need someone up-to-date and aware of local ordinances and regulations that might apply to your case. The personal injury team at Warren Allen LLP would be happy to discuss your case with you and provide legal advice and representation if you live in southwestern Washington, Portland, or other areas across Oregon. Let our team be your team. Contact us to get started today!